National Flag of Benin

According to aceinland, the national flag of Benin is a tricolor with horizontal stripes in yellow, red, and green. The yellow stripe is the widest and is situated at the top, followed by a red stripe that is slightly narrower than the yellow one. The green stripe is the narrowest and occupies the bottommost part of the flag. At the center of the flag is an emblem which consists of a shield that has a palm tree on its left side and a lion on its right side. Behind these two images are two crossed swords, with a star above them.

The colors used in this flag have significant meanings in Benin’s history. The yellow symbolizes wealth and prosperity; red stands for courage, determination and strength; and green represents hope for renewal and fertility. The emblem at the center of the flag depicts two crossed swords which symbolize justice, as well as strength through unity. The lion symbolizes power while the palm tree stands for peace and hospitality. Finally, the star represents hope for a brighter future for Benin’s people.

The national flag of Benin was adopted on November 16th 1960 after gaining independence from France earlier that year. It was designed by Michel Hazanavicius who was inspired by similar flags used by other African countries such as Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Mali, Senegal, Togo and Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso). Since then it has been flown proudly all over Benin during important national holidays such as Independence Day (August 1st) or National Unity Day (November 30th).

Presidents of Benin

The President of Benin is the head of state and head of government in the West African nation. As of 2021, the current president is Patrice Talon, who took office in 2016. He is the second president to be elected through a democratic process since Benin gained independence from France in 1960.

Prior to Talon, Benin had five presidents since its independence. The first president was Hubert Maga, who was elected in 1960 and served as head of state until 1964. Maga was succeeded by Émile Derlin Zinsou in 1964, who served until 1967. Zinsou was followed by Mathieu Kérékou who held office from 1972 to 1991 and again from 1996 to 2006. During his tenure, Kérékou transformed Benin into a Marxist-Leninist state and declared it a one-party state before transitioning it back to a multi-party democracy in 1990. His successor was Boni Yayi who served as president from 2006 to 2016 and focused on economic development and improving healthcare services for citizens throughout his tenure.

Talon has continued Yayi’s efforts by focusing on infrastructure development such as roads, bridges, ports, airports and power plants; promoting job creation programs for young people; increasing access to healthcare services for all citizens; strengthening diplomatic relations with other countries around the world; and promoting international tourism in order to boost Benin’s economy.

Prime Ministers of Benin

The Prime Minister of Benin is the head of government and is appointed by the President. The Prime Minister is responsible for leading the executive branch of government and ensuring that the policies and laws passed by the legislature are implemented. Since Benin gained independence from France in 1960, there have been eight Prime Ministers appointed.

The first Prime Minister was Justin Ahomadegbe who was appointed in 1960 and served until 1963. He was followed by Sourou-Migan Apithy who served from 1963 to 1965, Émile Derlin Zinsou from 1965 to 1967, Paul-Emile de Souza from 1967 to 1968, Justin Ahomadegbe from 1968 to 1969, Sourou-Migan Apithy from 1969 to 1972, Mathieu Kérékou from 1972 to 1991, and Nicéphore Soglo who held office from 1991 to 1996.

Since 1996 there have been six Prime Ministers appointed: Adrien Houngbédji (1996–1998), Yayi Boni (1998–2003), Bruno Amoussou (2003–2006), Lionel Zinsou (2006–2008), Thomas Boni Yayi (2008–2011), Pascal Koupaki (2011–2015) and Lionel Zinsou (2015–2016). The current Prime Minister is Aurélie Adam Soulé Zoumarou who was appointed in 2016.

During their tenures, each of these Prime Ministers has worked to improve the economic development of Benin through various initiatives such as job creation programs for youth; increasing access to healthcare services for all citizens; strengthening diplomatic relations with other countries around the world; promoting international tourism; and improving infrastructure such as roads, bridges, ports, airports and power plants.

Benin, officially French République du Bénin [repy Republic dy be nε ] until 1975 Dahomey [da ɔ mε] German Republic of Benin country in West Africa, on the Guinea coast, with (2019) 11.8 million residents; The capital is Porto Novo.

Business

Benin is one of the least developed countries in the world and, with a gross national income (GNI) of US $ 800 per resident (2017), one of the poorest countries in Africa. The economy is mainly dependent on agriculture and trade with neighboring countries. Unfavorable political framework conditions (widespread corruption, nepotism and bureaucratic inefficiency), the resulting reluctance of domestic and foreign entrepreneurs to invest and the limited domestic market are the greatest obstacles to economic development. The foreign debt amounts to USD 2.7 billion despite debt relief (2017). The state budget is structurally deficient to a high degree and is dependent on official development aid. Visit shoe-wiki for Western Africa Economy.

Foreign trade: The foreign trade balance is chronically in deficit (import value 2016: 2.6 billion US $, export value: 0.4 billion US $). Since a large part of the imported goods are partly illegally re-exported to Nigeria and Niger in particular, an accurate accounting of foreign trade is difficult. The most important export goods are cotton (over 20% of the export value), crude oil and oil palm products. The main imports are foodstuffs, petroleum products, machines and equipment. The most important trading partners are China, India, Malaysia, France and Thailand.

Agriculture

Agriculture employs around 40% of the workforce; it generates 25.6% of the gross domestic product (GDP) and the majority of exports. Small farms are predominant. Some still operate hacking hacking with slash and burn. Maize and cassava are grown in the south, millet, yams, maize and cotton in the drier north. Cotton has been the most important export good for years. Other agricultural export products are palm kernels, palm oil and peanuts. Extensive transhumant livestock husbandry (cattle, sheep, goats) is mainly carried out in the northern areas.

Forestry: Around 40% of the country’s area is covered by forest. In order to preserve the forest and counteract soil erosion, nature reserves were created in the north and inland as early as the colonial times. However, these are de facto hardly protected from agricultural use. Commercial forestry is of little importance. Around 93% of the logging (2014: 6.9 million m ³) is accounted for by firewood.

Fishing: Fishing is concentrated in the inland waters and the lagoons on the coast, it is mostly practiced with traditional fishing methods.

Natural resources

Benin is poor in natural resources. Between 1983 and 1990, the Sémé oil field off the coast of Benin was exploited with Norwegian help. There are smaller gold reserves in the north-west of the country, as well as small reserves of iron ore, rutile, silicon sand, phosphate, marble, limestone and clay.

Energy industry

Even after the construction of the Nangbeto hydropower plant (62 MW), which was built in cooperation with Togo on the Mono river, most of the energy required has to be imported. To improve its energy base, Benin is participating in a gas pipeline from Nigeria to Ghana. A gas-fired power station (80 MW) not far from Cotonou has considerably increased the country’s power generation capacity.

Industry

The manufacturing industry, including the construction industry (2016), achieved 23.4% of GDP. The main industries are cement manufacturing, oil mills and cotton ginning plants. The manufacture of simple consumer goods or the textile industry play a subordinate role. The main industrial locations are Cotonou and Porto Novo.

Tourism

The tourist potential of Benin is limited and limited to the historic cities of Porto Novo, Ouidah and Abomey in the south (museums and districts characterized by colonial architecture), the village of Ganvié built on stilts into the water in the Cotonou lagoon (Lac Nokoué), the Beaches between Cotonou and the Togolese border as well as the nature parks in the northwest (“W” National Park, Pendjari National Park).

Transportation

As a transit country for other West African countries, Benin has a relatively good transport infrastructure. The main line of the railway network is the 438 km long north-south connection from Parakou to the port city of Cotonou. An extension of this route to Niamey (Niger) is planned. Of the approximately 16,000 km of roads, only 10% are paved. Inland navigation is used on the Niger. The port of Cotonou also serves as a transit port mainly for Niger and Nigeria. The country’s international airport is located near Cotonou.

Parakou

Parakou [para ku], largest city in the north central Benin, (2013) 255 500 residents.

Administrative seat of the Borgou department; catholic archbishop’s seat; Trade center in a cotton-growing area (ginning plant, textile factory); as the end point of the railway line (438 km) from Cotonou, an important freight transshipment point (to and from Niger); Airport.

Cotonou

Cotonou [- nu], Kutonu, largest city, main port and economic center of the Republic of Benin, (2013) 679 000 residents.

Seat of government authorities, the Supreme Court and diplomatic missions as well as a Catholic archbishop; University (founded in 1970); Brewery, textile and cement factory, automobile assembly plant. The deep-water port is a transit port (with a free zone) for inland Niger; Railway lines connect Cotonou with Parakou and Porto Novo; international Airport. The Dantopka market, one of the largest in West Africa, is located on the Cotonou lagoon (Lac Nokoué).